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Training methods using audiovisual tapes to test and retest accuracy are extremely effective. Retraining of all health care professionals is strongly recommended by the AHA. Observers should be assessed for physical and cognitive competency to perform the procedure, including vision, hearing, and eye/hand/ear coordination. Part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans.
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Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals.
#American heart association blood pressure chart professional#
Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research. Information from Pickering TG, Hall JE, Appel LJ, Falkner BE, Graves J, Hill MN, et al.
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Talking during the procedure may cause deviations in the measurement.
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Neither the patient nor the person taking the measurement should talk during the procedure. Measurements should be given to the nearest 2 mm Hg. The first and last audible sounds should be recorded as systolic and diastolic pressure, respectively. Mercury column should be deflated at 2 to3 mm per second.ĭeflation rates greater than 2 mm per second can cause the systolic pressure to appear lower and the diastolic pressure to appear higher. If the arm is unsupported and held up by the patient, pressure will be higher.Ĭuff bladder should encircle 80 percent or more of the patient’s arm circumference.Īn undersized cuff increases errors in measurement. If the upper arm is below the level of the right atrium, the readings will be too high if the upper arm is above heart level, the readings will be too low. Patient’s arm should be supported at heart level. Patient should be seated comfortably, with back supported, legs uncrossed, and upper arm bared.ĭiastolic pressure is higher in the seated position, whereas systolic pressure is higher in the supine position.Īn unsupported back may increase diastolic pressure crossing the legs may increase systolic pressure. TABLE 2 American Heart Association Guidelines for In-Clinic Blood Pressure Measurement Recommendation A summary of the AHA scientific statement follows. The AHA scientific statement, written by Pickering and colleagues, was first published in the January 2005 issue of Hypertension and also appears in the February 8, 2005, issue ofĬirculation. To increase accuracy of clinic readings, and in recognition of major changes over the past 10 years (including the prohibition of mercury in many countries), the American Heart Association (AHA) has published a new set of recommendations for the measurement of blood pressure. In addition, faulty methods and the “white coat effect” (an increase in blood pressure when a physician is present) may lead to misdiagnosis of hypertension in normotensive patients. Thus, in-clinic blood pressure measurement, which generally makes no allowance for beat-to-beat variability, can be a poor estimation and may fail to catch high blood pressure that occurs only outside the clinic setting. “True” blood pressure is defined as the average level over a prolonged duration. However, blood pressure reading is one of the most inaccurately performed measurements in clinical medicine. The lowering of target blood pressure for patients with diabetes or renal disease has made detection of small differences more important. Diagnosis and treatment of hypertension depend on accurate measurement of auscultatory blood pressure.